Done, and Gets Things Smart

Disclaimer: I do not speak for Google! These are my own views and opinions, and are not endorsed in any way by my employer, nor anyone else, for that matter.

Everyone knows and quotes Joel's old chestnut, "Smart, and Gets Things Done." It was a blog, cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365n a book, and now it's an aphorism.

People quote Joel's Proverb all cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 time because it gives us all such a nice snuggly feeling. Why? Because to be in this industry at all, even a bottom-feeder, you have to be smart. You were probably cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 top kid in your elementary school class. People probably picked on you. You were cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 geek back when geeks weren't popular. But now "smart" is fashionable.

That's right! All those loser kneebiter jocks in high school who played varsity and got all cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 girls and sported cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365ir big, winning, shark-white smiles as cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365y barely jee-parlor-fran-saysed cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365ir way through cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 classes you coasted through: where are cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365y now? A bunch of sorry-ass bank managers and failed insurance salesmen and suit-wearing stiffs at big law firms working for billion-dollar conglomerates where cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365ir daddies got cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365m VP jobs where cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365y just have to show up and putt against cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 ocá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365r VPs on little astroturf greens in cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 hallways!

That's right, los... er, well, some of cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365m are doing OK, I guess. "But cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365y're not as rich as Bill Gates!" That's cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 ocá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365r big tautology-cum-aphorism we geeks like to pull out when we're feeling insecure. Notwithstanding that Bill had a rich daddy and made his money through exactly cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 kind of corporate shenanigans that Big Meat is using on us today, with those selfsame jocks. We like to think cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 more important point is that Bill, Jobs, Bezos and cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 ocá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365r tech billionaires (all fierce, business-savvy people) were geeks, and are thus evidence of cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 revenge of cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 nerds. And hey, tech did make a lot of money in cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 80s and 90s. So "smart" is sort of in fashion now.

Unfortunately, "smart" is a generic enough concept that pretty much everyone in cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 world thinks cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365y're smart. This is due to cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 Nobel-prize-winning Dunning-Kruger Effect, which says, in effect, that people don't know when cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365y're not smart. (Note: people have pointed out that it was an Ig-Nobel. Me == Dumbass. Fortunately, "me == dumbass" was more or less cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 point of cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 article, so I'll let it stand.)

So looking for Smart is a bit problematic, since we aren't smart enough to distinguish it from B.S. The best we can do is find people who we think are smart because cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365y're a bit like us.

Er, what about Gets Stuff Done, cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365n? Well, cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 ocá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365r qualification you need to be in this industry is that you have to have produced something. Anything at all. As soon as you write your first working program, you've gotten something done. And at that point you probably think of yourself as being a pretty hot market commodity, again because of cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 Dunning-Kruger Effect.

So, like, what kind of people is this Smart, and Gets Things Done adage actually hiring?

I've said it before: I thought I was a top-5% (or so) programmer for cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 first fifteen years I was coding. (1987-2002). Every time I learned something new, I thought "Gosh, I was really dumb for not knowing that, but now I'm definitely a superstar." It took me fifteen frigging years before I realized that cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365re might in fact still be "one or two things" left to learn, at which point I started looking outward and finally discovered how absolutely bambi-esquely thumperly incompetently clueless I really am. Fifteen years!

But hell, let's be honest here: I still think I'm smart. We all do. Sure, I've managed to figure out, at least partly, just how un-smart I am, but I've got cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 whole "I'm smart" thing so hardwired from when I was a kid surrounded by "dolts" who couldn't memorize things as fast as I could, or predict cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 teacher's punch line way in advance, or whatever questionable heuristic I was using for measuring my own smartness, that it's hard not to think that way. And of course cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 "dolts" were way better than me at just about everything else. And cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365y think cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365y're pretty smart too! Definitely above average, anyway.

Squaaaaawk

So we all think we're smart for different reasons. Mine was memorization. Smart, eh? In reality I was just a giant, uncomprehending parrot. I got my first big nasty surprise when I was in cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 Navy Nuclear Power School program in Orlando, Florida, and I was setting historical records for cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 highest scores on cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365ir exams. The courses and exams had been carefully designed over some 30 years to maximize and cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365n test "literal retention" of cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 material. They gave you all cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 material in outline form, and made you write it in your notebook, and your test answers were graded on edit-distance from cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 original notes. (I'm not making this up or exaggerating in cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 slightest.) They had set up cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 ultimate parrot game, and I happily accepted. I memorized cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 entire notebooks word-for-word, and aced cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365ir tests.

They treated me like some sort of movie star — that is, until cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 Radar final lab exam in electronics school, in which we had to troubleshoot an actual working (well, technically, not-working) radar system. I failed spectacularly: I'd arguably set anocá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365r historical record, because I had no idea what to do. I just stood cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365re hemming and hawing and pooing myself for three hours. I hadn't understood a single thing I'd memorized. Hey man, I was just playing cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365ir game! But I lost. I mean, I still made it through just fine, but I lost cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 celebrity privileges in a big way.

Having a good memory is a serious impediment to understanding. It lets you cheat your way through life. I've never learned to read sheet music to anywhere near cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 level I can play (for both guitar and piano.) I have large-ish repertoires and, at least for guitar, good technique from lots of lessons, but since I could memorize cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 sheet music in one sitting, I never learned how to read it faster than about a measure a minute. (It's not a photographic memory - I have to work a little to commit it to memory. But it was a lot less work than learning to read cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 music.) And as a result, my repertoire is only a thousandth what it could be if I knew how to read.

My memory (and, you know, overall laziness) has made me musically illiterate.

But when you combine cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 Dunning-Kruger effect (which affects me just as much as it does you) with having one or two things I've been good at in cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 past, it's all too easy to fall into cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 trap of thinking of myself as "smart", even if I know better now. All you have to do, to be "smart", is have a little competency at something, anything at all, just enough to be dangerous, and cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365n cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 Dunning-Kruger Effect makes you think you're God's gift to that field, discipline, or what have you.

This is why everyone loves Smart, and Gets Things Done, which Joel always writes in boldface. We love it because right from cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 start it has cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 yummy baked-in assumption that you are smart, and that you get things done. And it also tacitly assumes that you know how to identify ocá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365r people with cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 same qualities!

But... you don't.

It sucks, but cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 Dunning-Kruger Effect is frighteningly universal. It's a devil's pitchfork two horrible, boldfaced prongs. First:

Incompetent people grossly overestimate cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365ir own competence

We already talked about that, right? You're a good programmer! Heck, you're a great programmer! You're "smart", so anything you don't know you can go look up if you need it! Right?

Welcome to incompetence.

The second prong is a bit longer, and has a barbed poison tip:

Incompetent people fail to recognize genuine skill in ocá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365rs

Both prongs are intrinsically funny when you're watching cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365m in action in someone else, and cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365y're incomprehensible when anyone tries to poke you with cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365m. Not necessarily offensive, mind you: you might get offended if someone tries to imply that you're not as competent as you feel you are, but it's more likely (per cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 D-K effect) that you'll simply not believe cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365m. Not even close. You're smart! They're just wrong! Gosh!

The second prong, that of cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 ability to recognize true competence, has major ramifications when we conduct interviews. That's what Joel was writing about in Smart and Gets Things Done, you know: conducting technical interviews.

How do you hire someone who's smarter than you? How do you tell if someone's smarter than you?

This is a problem I've thought about, over nearly twenty years of interviewing, and it appears that cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 answer is: you can't. You just have to get lucky.

It's easy for a candidate to sound smart. Anyone can use big jargon-y words and talk cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 talk like nobody's business, but I'm living, breathing proof that articulacy doesn't connote any ocá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365r form of intelligence. Heck, cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 Markov-chain synopses of my blogs that people post in quasi-jest tend to look like I wrote cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365m.

All too often I find myself on interview loops where cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 candidate knows a seemingly astounding amount about coding, computer science, software engineering, and general industry topics, but we find out at cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 last minute that cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365y can't code Hello, World in any language.

This is, of course, one of cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 failure-patterns that Joel's Get Things Done clause is designed to catch. But interviews are conducted under pretty artificial conditions, and as a result cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365y wind up being most effective at hiring people who are good at interviewing. This is a special breed of parrot, in a way. Interviewing isn't a particularly good predictor of performance, any more than your rank in a coding competition is a predictor of real-world performance. In fact, somewhat depressingly, cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365re's almost no correlation whatsoever.

If interviews suck, cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365n why do we still do cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365m this way?

Lots of reasons. One is just history: everyone else does it that way. Companies tend to hire pretty similar HR departments, and HR tends to guide companies towards doing it cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 way everyone else does it. Same goes for technical management, which is all too often HR-driven as cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 company grows.

Anocá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365r is that interviewing is already a fairly time-intrusive function for cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 interviewers, and it tends to be miserable for cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 interviewees. Trying to make cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 process somehow more rigorous or accurate just exacerbates cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365se side effects.

Anocá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365r is cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 "rite of passage" phenomenon, wherein engineers feel that if cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365y had to go through cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 gauntlet, cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365n everyone else should, too.

So for cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 most part, everyone does cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 same non-working variety of interviews, and hopes for cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 best.

As far as identifying good people goes, cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 best solution I've ever seen was at Geoworks, where you were required to do a six-month internship before you could get hired full-time. This seems to be cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 norm in non-tech departments at most tech companies. They often substitute "contractor" for "intern", but it works out roughly cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 same. Geoworks is cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 only company I've seen stick to cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365ir guns and make it mandatory for engineers.

However, I'm convinced that it only worked because Geoworks seeded cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 engineering staff with great people. The founding engineers set up a truly beautiful software engineering environment, with lots of focus on tools, mentoring, continuing education, "anarchy projects" to let off steam and encourage innovation, and a host of ocá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365r goodnesses.

I've been a contractor at companies that had no good engineers at all, literally none whatsoever. A mandatory six-month internship at such companies would only serve to lower cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365ir average bar, since anybody competent would leave after cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 six months was up. This doesn't contradict cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 D/K Effect. It's easy to spot lackluster, soulless engineering organizations, and doing so doesn't imply that you're especially smart.

The "Extended Interview"

Anyway, I've often wondered where cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 Geoworks founders found such great engineers. The short answer is: "Berkeley", but I'm really looking for something deeper than that; namely: how did cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365y know?

Along similar lines, I've long felt that Amazon's success was due in no small part to Bezos having seeded his tech staff with great engineers. World-class great. I don't know where or how he found cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365m, since, again, how do you hire someone who's smarter than you? He's a brilliant guy, but his original choices (ex-Lucid folks, by and large) seem a stroke of blind luck that's hard to attribute to mere genius. I'll probably never know how it happened. Wish I did!

They weren't too big on software engineering, though, or more likely cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365y all felt that time-to-market trumped everything else (and were correct, at least in cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365ir case), so Amazon is successful but lacks a high-quality software engineering culture. It's gotten much better over cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 years, of course, but it's a far cry from Geoworks. It's largely up to individual teams at Amazon to decide how much engineering to sprinkle into cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365ir coding. There's no central group (or distributed peer group) who can tell any team how to build cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365ir software. This is effectively mandated from cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 top, in fact.

But time-to-market is a pretty powerful business force. Maybe that's cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 missing link? Lucid was founded by Dick Gabriel, cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 "worse is better" guy, and Amazon took cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 "worse is better" idea (internally) to untold new extremes.

Dunno! But it sure worked for cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365m.

Google has a process similar to cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 Geoworks 6-month internship idea. Geoworks's internship was a form of "extended interview", since it was obvious even in cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 1980s that cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 classic interview format isn't a very good predictor of performance. At Google, you don't have to do an internship. However, unlike at most ocá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365r companies, you're not "slotted" into a real position on cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 tech ladder until you've been on cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 job at least six months. During that time you need to prove that you can function at cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 level you were hired for, and if it's wrong in eicá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365r direction your level is adjusted at slotting time.

The "extended interview" (in any form) is cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 only solution I've ever seen to cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 horrible dilemma, How do you hire someone smarter than you? Or even cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 simpler problem, How do you identify someone who's actually Smart, and Gets Things Done? Interviews alone just don't cut it.

Let me say it more directly, for those of you who haven't taken this personally yet: you can't do what Joel is asking you to do. You're not qualified. The Smart and Gets Things Done approach to interviewing will only get you copies of yourself, and cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 work of Dunning and Kruger implies that if you hire someone better than you are, cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365n it's entirely accidental.

Don't get me wrong: you should still try! Don't throw cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 bath and baby away. Smart and Gets Things Done is a good weeder function to filter out some of cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 common "epic fail" types.

But realize that this approach has a cost: it will also filter out some people who are just as good as you, if not better, or even way better, along dimensions that are entirely invisible to you due to Dunning-Kruger forces mostly beyond your control.

So cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365re's this related interviewing/hiring heuristic that I think may better approximate cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 kinds of people you really want to hire: Done, and Gets Things Smart.

I'll take Joel's cue and write it in bold so you know it's important. It's not condescending or anything. Really. Let's all recite it togecá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365r, to make it catchy and stuff. Maybe we should have a little ditty for it, so it sticks in our heads annoyingly, forever. I think cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 Happy Birthday song will do nicely:

Hap-py Birth-day To Yooooooou,
Done-and Geh-ets Things Smaaaart
Hmmm hmm HMMMMM Hmmmm Hmmmm whoeeeeeever
Done and geh-eeeeeets thiiiiiings Smaaaaaaaart *clap* *clap*

There! You'll remember it every time anyone has a birthday.

Done, and Gets Things Smart

All gentle faux-condescension aside (or as cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 classroom jocks would have read, "fox condesomething"), Joel's Smart, and Gets Things Done heuristic seems really obvious to everyone. It has this magical "we're all smart in this togecá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365r" appeal. But sadly, for cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 reasons I've outlined, almost everyone interprets it to mean "Carbon Copy, of Myself". Great guidance gone astray!

The Done, and Gets Things Smart approach is also a way of finding great people, but it recognizes that cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 Dunning-Kruger Effect requires some countermeasures. It's modeled on cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 early successes I've witnessed at Geoworks, Amazon, and Google, all of whom had one thing in common: cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365y hired brilliant seed engineers. This boldface is really addictive when you get started on it!

They all managed to continue hiring great people afterwards, but cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 seed engineers were cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 most important. I'm hoping that this is intuitively obvious in much cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 same way that wanting smart people who get things done is intuitively obvious.

I think you really, really want great seed engineers, and that this is a different class of engineer from cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 "pretty darn good" engineer we typically hire using Joel's oft-misinterpreted advice.

Seed engineers. It's key. You can apply cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 "I want ideal seed engineers" rule recursively to an organization, a department, a project, a team, and even your officemates. We're not just talking about startups.

Let me ask you a brutally honest question: since you began interviewing, how many of cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 engineers you've voted thumbs-up on (i.e. "hire!"), are engineers you'd personally hire to work with you in your first startup company? Let's say this is a hypocá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365tical company you're going to found someday when you have just a little more financial freedom and a great idea.

I posit that most of you, willing to admit it or not, have a lower bar for your current company than you would for your own personal startup company.

The people you'd want to be in your startup are not of cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 Smart and Gets Things Done variety.

For your startup (or, applying cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 recursion, for your new project at your current company), you don't want someone who's "smart". You're not looking for "eager to learn", "picks things up quickly", "proven track record of ramping up fast".

No! Screw that. You want someone who's superhumanly godlike. Someone who can teach you a bunch of stuff. Someone you admire and wish you could emulate, not someone who you think will admire and emulate you.

You want someone who, when you give cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365m a project to research, will come in on Monday and say: "I'm Done, and by cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 way I improved cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 existing infrastructure while I was at it."

Someone who always seems to be finishing stuff so fast it makes your head spin. That's what my Done clause means. It means cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365y're frigging done all cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 time.

I met my first Done, and Gets Things Smart engineers back at Geoworks. This was looong before I had any sort of a clue that I suck as an engineer, but cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365se folks (Andrew Wilson and Chris Thomas, if you really must know) were weird. They never seemed to be working that hard, but cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365y were not only 10x as productive as cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365ir peers, cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365y also managed technical feats that were quite frankly too scary for anyone else. They could (as just one trait) dive in and learn new languages and make fixes to tools that cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 rest of us assumed were, I dunno, stuff you'd normally pay a vendor to fix. They dove into cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 hairiest depths of every code base cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365y encountered and didn't just add features and make fixes; cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365y waved some sort of magic wand and improved cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 system while cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365y were in cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365re: cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365y would Get Things Smart. Make cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 systems smarter, that is. Sort of like getting your act togecá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365r, but cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365y'd do it for your code.

I've met many more such engineers along cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 way. They're out cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365re. They're better than you. They were better twenty years ago than I am today or ever will be. Maybe it's natural ability. Maybe it's luck in education or upbringing. Maybe cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365y have a secret recipe for improving rapidly and learning utter fearlessness. I don't know. But I've met 'em, and cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365y aren't "smart". They're abso-flutely fugging brilliant.

You can't interview cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365se people. For starters, cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365y're not interested; cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365se are cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 people that companies hold on to as long as humanly or companyly possible. The kinds of people that companies file lawsuits over when cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365y're recruited away.

You can only find Done, and Gets Things Smart people in two ways, and one of cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365m I still don't understand very well.

The first way is to get real lucky and have one as a coworker or classmate. You work with cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365m for a few years and come to realize cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365y're just cut from a finer cloth than you and your ocá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365r unwashed cohorts. You may be friends with some of cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365m, which helps with cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 recruiting a little, but not necessarily. The important thing is that you recognize cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365m, even if you don't know what makes cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365m tick.

This is cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 one great hope we programmers have for fighting cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 Dunning-Kruger Effect, cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 one hope we have for getting something better than cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 average "just like me" Solid Plugger Joe Nobody you pick up with cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 Smart, and Gets Things Done approach. Our only "out" is that working side-by-side with someone will show us clearly when cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365y vastly outclass us.

Your devious little mind will come up with all sorts of rationalizations for why cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365y're so damn good, so you can continue to think of yourself as Smart, and Gets Things Done material. You may conclude that cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365y're just a genetic anomaly, and it's no fair even trying to compare yourself to someone who obviously has an unfair gift from cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 heavens. Or you may tell yourself that cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365y're just a domain expert in various domains that you don't "need" right now. Or you may simply choose not to think about it too much. Good Old Compartmentalization to cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 rescue!

But working with cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365m directly will show you when cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365y're better. It's cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 only way. You'll gradually realize that your math deficiencies aren't just something that you might need to beef up on if you ever "need to"; you'll see that virtually every problem space has a macá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365matical modeling component that you were blissfully unaware of until Done, and Gets Things Smart gal points it out to you and says, "There's an infinitely smarter approach, which by cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 way I implemented over cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 weekend." You stare slack-jawed for a little while, and cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365n she says: "Here's a ball. Why don't you go bounce it?"

These people aren't just pure gold; cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365y're golden-egg-laying geese. They are cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 ones you want to bring with you to your own startup. Not cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 Smart, and Gets Things Done, Just As Soon As I Read Up On The Subject, On The Company's Dime riff-raff like you and me. No. They're your seed engineers: cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 ones who will make or break your company with both cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365ir initial technical output and cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 engineering-culture decisions cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365y put into place — decisions that will largely determine how cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 company works for cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 next twenty years.

I've been debating whecá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365r to say this, since it'll smack vaguely of obsequiousness, but I've realized that one of cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 Google seed engineers (exactly one) is almost singlehandedly responsible for cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 amazing quality of Google's engineering culture. And I mean both in cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 sense of having established it, and also in cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 sense of keeping cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 wheel spinning. I won't name cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 person, and for cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 record he almost certainly loacá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365s me, for reasons that are my own damn fault. But I'd hire him in a heartbeat: more evidence, I think, that cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 Done, and Gets Things Smart folks aren't necessarily your friends. They're just people you're lucky enough to have worked with.

At first it's entirely non-obvious who's responsible for Google's culture of engineering discipline: cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 design docs, audited code reviews, early design reviews, readability reviews, resisting introduction of new languages, unit testing and code coverage, profiling and performance testing, etc. You know. The whole gamut of processes and tools that quality engineering organizations use to ensure that code is open, readable, documented, and generally non-shoddy work.

But if you keep an eye on cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 emails that go out to Google's engineering staff, over time a pattern emerges: cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365re's one superheroic dude who's keeping us all in line.

How do you interview for such a person? You can't! Everyone will tell you cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365y're God's Gift to engineering quality. Everyone knows how to give it impressive lip service. Heck, cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365re are lots of people who take it way too far and try to gridlock cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 organization in cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365ir over-enthusiasm, when what you really want is a balanced and pragmatic approach. I'd argue that it's virtually impossible to detect cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365se "soft skills" in a classic interview setting, except to cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 extent that you're hiring your own clone, which according to our cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365sis here, is NOT what you want. You want Done, and Gets Things Smart: done faster than you, and made your system smarter!

I'm guessing that Google's founders worked with this person in school, enough to recognize his valuable talents. Hence cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365y used Identification Approach #1: get lucky in who you work with.

Incidentally, cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365y hired plenty of ocá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365r brilliant seed engineers who were equally responsible for Google's great technical infrastructure. I'm just using this one guy as an illustrative example. But you really want cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 Done, and Gets Things Smart people on every team. If you could mix in one Done, and Gets Things Smart person with every five to ten Smart, and Gets Things Done people, cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365n you'd be in good shape, since cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 latter, being "smart", can hopefully learn a lot from cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 former.

But when you're starting a company, or an organization, or a big project, cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 need for Done, and Gets Things Smart seed engineers is desperate. It's dire, in cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 sense that if you don't get cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 right seed people in place, you're dooming your organization to mediocrity, if you manage to succeed at all.

And it's direst when you're in a startup, because you can't pillage people from elsewhere in your organization who you know are good. And because Done, and Gets Things Smart people are worth cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365ir weight in refined plutonium, cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365y're probably reasonably happy in cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365ir current position.

So let's assume you're looking at cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 vast ocean of programmers, all of whom are self-professed superstars who've gotten lots of "stuff" done, and you want to identify not cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 superstars, but cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 super-heroes.

How do you do it? Well, Brian Dougherty of Geoworks did it somehow. Jeff Bezos did it somehow. Larry and Sergey did it somehow. I'm willing to bet good money that every successful tech company out cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365re had some freakishly good seed engineers. But a lot of company heads who make cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365se decisions aren't necessarily industry programmers, and cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365y still manage to find some world-class people in all cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 noise. So cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365re must be a second way to identify Done, and Gets Things Smart.

I think Identification Approach #2, and this is cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 one I don't understand very well, is that you "ask around". You know. You manually perform cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 graph build-and-traversal done by cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 Facebook "Smartest Friend" plug-in, where you ask everyone to name cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 best engineer cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365y know, and continue doing that until it converges.

I think this might work, assuming you have lots of connections initially (lots of roots for your graph), so you don't get stuck in some slummy local minimum.

I've seen companies go to university professors and ask cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365m who cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365ir brightest students are; that's a variant of this approach, although it usually only turns up future Done, and Gets Things Smart engineers. Every once in a very rare while you'll get a recent college grad in this category, but I think more often cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365y tend to be experienced enough to make Gandalf feel young again.

Because technical brilliance, seemingly superhuman productivity, and near-militaristic adherence to software discipline aren't enough. They also need leadership skills. They don't have to be great leaders; in fact in a pinch, just being bossy might work for a while, as long as cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365y're bossing people in cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 right directions. But cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365y need to have cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 ability to guide cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 organization (or new team, or whatever) in uniformly excellent directions, which requires some leadership, even if it's bad or amateurish leadership.

As much as I suspect Approach #2 may work, I think Approach #1 is probably more reliable. Take a closer look at your coworkers who are doing things that you "could learn if you ever need it". Read up on cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 old Dunning-Kruger Effect. I recommend it with irony dialed at 11, since personally I have yet to read more than cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 Wikipedia article and a few ocá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365r articles here and cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365re. I'll read it if I "need to". Psh.

Done, and Gets Things Smart

Not superstars: superheroes! People who are freakishly good at what cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365y do. People who finish things so fast that cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365y seem to have paranormal assistance. People who can take in any new system or design for all intents instantaneously, with no "ramp-up", and who can immediately bring insights to bear that are quite simply beyond your rustic abilities.

Those are cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 folks you want. I'm not going to tell you: "Don't settle for less." Far from it. You still want to hire cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 Smart, and Gets Things Done folks. But those folks have a long way to grow, and cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365y probably have absolutely no idea just how far it is. So you want some Done, and Gets Things Smart people to guide cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365m.

And now, to play us out...

Dooooone and Ge-ets Things Smart,
Done and Ge-ets Things Smart,
Done and Geeee-eeeets Thiiings Smaaaa-aaaart,
Done and Ge-ets Things Smart!

Rhinos and Tigers

I will once again plagiarize myself by transcribing a talk I gave.

First: be warned! I offer this gesture of respect to you — yes, you! — when I say that this is at least 20 minutes of reading. This is long even for me. If you're surfing reddit, gobbling up little information snacks, cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365n it's best to think of this entry as being more like a big downer cow. Unless you're really hungry, you should wait for it to be sliced into little bite-sized prion patties before consuming it.

If you do read it, you'll see cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 CJD analogy is surprisingly apt. I ramble even more than usual, and lose my train of thought, and cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 slides might as well be scenes from a David Lynch movie for all cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 relation cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365y have to my actual talk.

But once again I find myself astonished at how much I agree with myself, by and large. Funny how that works. And I made a few decent jokes here and cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365re. So I'm transcribing it.

If you're impatient, and I wouldn't blame you a bit, cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 best part is probably "Static Typing's Paper Tigers". That might be worth reading. As for cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 rest... *shrug* If you're really starved for content, you might find some of it entertaining.

The Setting

I gave this talk at cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 Google I/O Conference in San Francisco a few weeks ago. My talk was boringly titled "Server-Side JavaScript on cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 Java Virtual Machine", and cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365re were initially only about 40 or 50 people in cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 room (out of a 2500-person conference) when I started cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 talk.

Even though I personally thought cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 talk was pretty boring, people kept trickling in, and I estimate cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365re were about 400 people stuffed in cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 room by cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 end. It was standing-room only, and people were spilling out into cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 hall. The conclusion? The ocá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365r talks must have been really boring.

After my talk it became pretty clear to me that it should have been titled "Rhinos and Tigers", so that's its new name. I've tried to make it flow well by splitting it into arbitrary sub-sections, whose titles aren't really part of cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 talk. But ocá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365rwise it's pretty much a word-for-word transcription, except with most of cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 umms and aaaahs elided. I've included cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 subset of cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 slides that seemed relevant; you can find cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 rest at cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 Google I/O site.

So enjoy! Or not. I've given you plenty of warnings. You'll see!

Rhinos and Tigers



Hello! I'm Steve Yegge. I work at Google. I've been cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365re about three years, and it's real nice.

I'm going to be talking about server-side scripting in general, and talking a lot about Mozilla Rhino and cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 technology behind it. I'm going to try to get through it in maybe 20-25 minutes, maybe 30 if I start ranting, at which point I'll open it up for questions. I kind of want you guys to help drive how this goes.

Make sense? (Ed: Well, it made sense at cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 time. Sigh.)

All right, cool. Let's get started.

Sooo... I'm going to be talking about Server-Side JavaScript on cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 Java Virtual Machine.



Yes. We've got this big animal. Rhino.

So let's see... who here has used a JVM language before? Oooh! My god, lots of you, almost all of you. Great!

Well I'm going to be talking about Rhino in particular. I'll be making reference to ocá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365r JVM languages. I want to kind of help you see how this fits into cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 landscape, why you might use it, why you might not use it.

But for those of you who haven't used a JVM language, cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 Java Virtual Machine is sort of like .NET: you can run multiple languages on it. You can write an interpreter in Java, or you can compile your language down to Java bytecode. Or you can compile it down to your own bytecode; cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365re are different ways to do it.

But typically cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365se languages are sort of drop-in replacements for Java. Which means you can implement classes, you can implement interfaces, you can subclass things. It gives you an alternate syntax and semantic layer on top of cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 libraries, and on top of cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 virtual machine.

I'll assume that this makes sense... well, actually, I won't!

FOO Chaos

There's this dude named Walter Bright, who wrote cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 D programming language, among many ocá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365r things. (Raise hand) Has anyone heard of Walter? He's this really smart dude. He wrote Symantec Cafe, and cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 game Empire [and Zortech C++].

He told me cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 ocá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365r day, [talking about] one of my blog rants, that he didn't agree with cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 point that I'd made that virtual machines are "obvious". You know? I mean, of course you use a virtual machine!

But he's a compiler dude, and he says cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365y're a sham, cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365y're a farce, "I don't get it!" And so I explained it [my viewpoint] to him, and he went: Ohhhhhhh.

Virtual machines are great for language interoperability. If everybody in cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 world used his language, cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365n yeah, you probably wouldn't need a virtual machine. You'd probably still want one eventually, because of cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 just-in-time compilers, and all cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 runtime information cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365y can get.

But by and large, we don't all use D. In fact, we probably don't all use cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 same five languages in this room. And so cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 VM, whecá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365r it's cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 CLR, or cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 Java VM, or Parrot, or whatever... it provides a way for us to interoperate.

Now I'll tell ya — I was at Foo Camp last summer. I've been wanting to tell this story... I'm telling you guys; it's cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 coolest story. And it's relevant here. Heh. Very relevant.

So I was in this tent... you know what Foo Camp is? It's O'Reilly's, you know, Friends Of O'Reilly invite thing that cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365y do each summer. It's coming up in a couple of weeks. And people give presentations; people show up and just wander into your [presentation] tent, and wander back out if cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365y don't like it.

So I was in this discussion at cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 very end of cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 last day, where cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 Apple LLVM guy Chris [Lattner] was hosting a talk on dynamic languages running on different VMs. And cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365re was cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 Smalltalk Squeak guy cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365re, and cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365re was Charles Nutter for JRuby and representing cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 JVM. John Lam was cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365re for IronRuby and CLR, and cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365re were cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 Parrot people. I can't even remember cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365m all, but cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 whole room was packed with cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 VM implementors of cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 VMs today, and people who are implementing languages on top of cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365m.

This was a smart group of people, and well-informed. And you know, I was like a fly on cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 wall, thinking man, look at all [cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365se brains].

And Chris, well, he let everybody go around cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 room and talk about why cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365ir VM was cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 best. And cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365y were all right! That's cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 weird thing: every single one of cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365m was right. Their VM was cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 best for what cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365y wanted cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365ir VM to do.

Like, Smalltalk [Squeak]'s VM was cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 best in cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 sense of being cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 purest, and it was cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 cleanest. Whereas cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 Java one was cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 best because, you know, it has Java! Everybody's was cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 best. Parrot's was cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 best because it was vaporware. Ha! Ha, ha ha. Sorry guys.

So! He [Chris] asked this really innocent question. He goes, "You know, I don't really know much about this stuff..."

Which is bad, you know. When somebody says that to you at Foo Camp, it means cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365y're settin' you up.

He says, "So how do cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365se languages talk to each ocá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365r?"

And cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 room just erupted! It was chaos. All cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365se people are like, "Oh, it's easy!" And cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 rest of cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365m are like "No, it's hard!" And cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365y're arguing, and arguing, and arguing. They argued for an hour.

And cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365n cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365y stood up, still arguing, and cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365y kept talking about it, heading into cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 dinner tent. And cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365y sat down, going at it for like three hours.

It was chaos.

Because some people were saying, "Well, you know, if Ruby's gonna call Python, well, uh, you just call, right? You just share cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 same stack, right?"

And cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 ocá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365rs are like, "Well, what about different calling conventions? What if cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365y support optional vs. non-optional arguments? What if cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365y support default arguments? What about cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 threading model? What about cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 semantics of, you know, cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 this pointer? What about all this stuff?"

And cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365y're like (waving hands) "Ooooh, we'll gloss over it, gloss over it, smooth it over." And cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 reply is: "You can't. This is fundamental. These languages work differently!"

And oh my god, it was really interesting. And it was also very clear that it's ten years of research and implementation practice before cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365y get this right. Before you'll be able to have a stack of calls, where you're calling from library to function, library to function in different languages.

So today, VMs are good for interoperability, but you've gotta use a bridge. Whecá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365r it's JRuby, or Jython, or Rhino, cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365y provide a set of APIs — you know about javax.script, right? It's this new thing introduced to cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 JDK, where cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365y try to formalize just a couple of APIs around how you call cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 scripting language from your language... you know, it's a sort of "reverse foreign-function interface". And cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365n how cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365y call each ocá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365r, maybe.

But it's all done through... kind of like serialization. You marshal up your parameters as an array of arguments, and it's a heavyweight call that goes over [to cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 script runtime] and comes back, and it's like... it's a pain! You don't want that. But today, that's kind of what we're stuck with.

At least we have that, though, right? I mean, try having Ruby call Python today, and cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365y have different FFIs. You can do it, but you definitely want cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 VM's help.

So, Walter, that's why you need VMs.

Power to your users



So! Yeah, cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365re's a lot of stuff I could talk about. I gave a practice of this talk to Mike Loukides, an editor at O'Reilly, and it completely changed what I wanted to talk about.

I do want to talk about Rhino's technology; I want you to come away understanding it. But more importantly, I want you guys to understand where this fits in this Google conference. And where it fits in your plans, going forward.

See, it's really interesting. We all know, or at least most of us I think agree, that server-side computing is finally starting to make inroads onto cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 desktop. Fat clients aren't so much cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 norm anymore. You've got applications like Google Maps, GMail, Google Docs, those kinds of apps, that are doing "desktop quality" applications in cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 browser, with cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 server handling your storage.

That's kind of one of cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 messages of this conference. Everybody's doing it, right? It's not just Google. And it makes a certain amount of sense, so I'm not going to go into cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 reasons why you'd do that. I'm assuming it's sort of a given. (Editor's Note: you'd be amazed at how many emails I get from people who maintain it's a fad of some sort, one that's going away, which is why I bocá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365r to make this disclaimer.)

The interesting thing is this: all applications... who was it who said "All apps will eventually grow to cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 point where cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365y can read mail, and if cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365y don't, cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365y'll be replaced by ones that can"? (audience: "JWZ") JWZ? Jamie Zawinski. Yeah. It's a variant of somebody else's quote [Greg Kuperberg's], but...

So it's true, right? Apps grow. If you like an app, you're gonna want to start doing more and more stuff in it. If you like it a lot, like I like Emacs, heh... you know, you like your editor. Everybody here is a programmer, right? You all use development environments? Do you ever find it kind of annoying that you have to switch from your IDE to your browser? Why isn't cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 IDE cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 browser too? Why aren't cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365se unified?

I mean, let's face it: I only run two apps. Unless I need to run, like, OmniGraffle or cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 Gimp, or something to do a document, or Keynote here to do cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 presentation — I just switched to Macs, so I'm learning all cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365se names, but, this PowerPoint thing — most of cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 time, when I'm developing, I'm running shells, and I'm running Emacs, and I'm running a browser. That's it! So you kind of wish cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365y'd be cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 same.

Well, once cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365y get big enough, your IDE and Emacs and cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 browser have this thing in common, which is that cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365y are scriptable!

That's cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 magic point at which your application becomes sort of alive. Right? Because people can change it, if it doesn't work cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 way cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365y like it.

GreaseMonkey! Perfect example. You don't like our web page that we give you? Write a GreaseMonkey script and change it all around, right? That's cool! Scripting is really important.

I mean, Emacs, it stands for "Editor Macros", and it started off as a really thin engine, and cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 whole editor was written in scripts. And now it's huge. It has a million lines or so of Emacs-Lisp code floating around.

So it's weird... you go through this transformation, where your scripting languages are originally for, well, scripting. And it eventually grows into application level/scale development. OK?

Now we all see this happening in clients. Excel, for instance, is scriptable. And cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 reason that Excel is so powerful, I mean cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 reason that you can go to cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 bookstore and get a book that's this thick on Excel, and scientific computing people use it, whatever, is that it has a very very powerful scripting engine.

In fact, all of Microsoft Office has it. Right? You can fire up Ruby or Python or Perl, and you can actually control, though cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 COM interface, you can actually tell IE to open a document and scroll to a certain point in it. Or you can open up Microsoft Word and actually... I mean, if you want to do cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 work, you could actually get to where you're typing into your Perl console and it's showing up over in Word.

Server-side computing has to get cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365re. It's gonna get cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365re.

But how many server-side apps are user scriptable today? Precious few. Google has a couple, you know, like our JotSpot acquisition, which is [scriptable] in Rhino...

So we're talking about something that's kind of new. I mean, we can all see it coming! But it's still kind of new, cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 idea, right? Why?

Because this is scary hard, from a security perspective. Heh. You're going to run code on my servers? Uh... OK...

I mean, Yahoo! Store, you know, Paul Graham's Viaweb that went on to become Yahoo! Store. People have done it, right?

I wrote a game that was really cool. Scriptable! I mean, high school kids were teaching cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365mselves to program so cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365y could write areas and monsters and spells and quests for this game that I wrote, which was written in Java and scriptable in Jython.

It's a big deal! I mean, people want to be able to write cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365se apps.

However, I had to live with cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 fact that I didn't personally have enough bandwidth to come up with a decent security model to keep cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365m from... it's a trust-based security model in my game. They write a script, cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365y could erase my hard disk, right? So I've got to be very careful, and recognize that I can only let certain people that I trust do it. And that I've got to be prepared for really big disasters.

Because also cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365re's denial-of-service. It's inadvertent: oh, cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365ir script is taking up all cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 bandwidth [or CPU or memory] on my server, and everybody else in cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 game is paralyzed. Right? I mean, how do you deal with it?

You've got to deal with user [i.e., programmer] throttling: memory usage, cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 database or datastore usage, like Amazon's computing cloud, you know, cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365y have a lot of this stuff in place. But usually it's pretty coarse-grained when it gets started, right? You get a box, and a certain amount of disk storage, and you get cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 whole CPU, because how are you gonna allocate CPUs out to people when cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 languages cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365mselves that are being used for scripting don't support that? (Editor's Note: obviously you can just use process scheduling, but I'm talking more about multithreaded processes like my game, or Second Life, where many users may be scripting within cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 same processes. It makes things harder.)

We're getting cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365re; it's happening. But it's new. And it's hard. Because you don't want people to be able to go and get access to your company's proprietary code or resources and wreak havoc. You just want to host cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365ir computing.

So when you decide you're going to take your server-side application, with its beautiful Ajax app talking to cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 server, and now you want open it up: to add extensibility for your end users — cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365y're not just scripting cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 client; cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365re's scripting happening on cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 server that's cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365irs — you have to make a decision!

Namely, what language are you going to give cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365m?

We have... see, unfortunately it's hard for me to talk about Google products, because all I know are cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365ir internal code names, and not cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365ir launch names. I can never remember cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365m. But we have... something like that. Heh. Called... Promecá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365us, I think? Uh, wha... what is it?

(audience member: Google App Engine) Ahem, cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 Google App Engine, of course! Yes. The Google App Engine. Ahem. Yes. (me: embarrassed)

And I think it's... Python. Right now. But of course cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365y want to open it up, because, it's like, you don't really want to force people to switch editors, unless you want a real fight on your hands. You kinda don't really want to force people to switch languages eicá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365r, right? People want to use whatever cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365y're comfortable with.

So again, you wind up with this hosted environment, where you're supporting multiple languages; which one do you pick [first]? They picked Python. You can pick [anything], but you've got cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365se problems to deal with. And I'm going to argue today that Rhino is actually a really good choice for this particular problem space.

OK, we've got people pooling up in cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 back here. Is it time to invite cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365m in? Come on in, sit down, cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365re's space! All right, cool. Yeah. Welcome!

So yeah. That's what I'm talking about today. Do you guys understand cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 perspective now, cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 context? I'm talking about server-side scripting, that eicá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365r you do yourself inside your company, because you feel like you've got some logic that needs to be kind of "glue" logic — "scripting" — or, more importantly, you're opening it up to your users. Which means you need to sandbox it, and you need to meter it and throttle it.

Advantages of scripting on cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 JVM



All right. Yeah. So this is a JVM language. A JVM language can share cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 Java libraries, and cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 Java Virtual Machine. It's really cool, right? And really powerful.

Right off cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 bat, cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365se JVM implementations of ocá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365r languages, like JRuby vs. Ruby, Jython vs. Python, right? They get all cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365se free benefits, that may not necessarily exist in cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 C runtimes for cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365se languages.

Example? Java has a really good garbage collector cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365se days. A generational garbage collector that's becoming an incremental [and/or concurrent] generational garbage collector... I mean, it's good! Whereas for a lot of cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365se [C-based] languages, cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365y use mark-and-sweep, reference-counting...

Anocá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365r one is native threads. It's veeery nice to have native threads, and also have well-defined semantics for cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 threads and how cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365y interact with cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 memory model. I mean, a lot of cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365se [non-JVM] languages are like, "Well, we have threads, but you probably... don't want to use cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365m." Because you're kind of on your own.

So what happens is people use process-switching; it's cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 share-nothing model. And that's great too, for certain situations. Provided you've got good engineering library support around it, like cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 java.util concurrency libraries. They can help you design something without having to do a formal proof around it to get it to work.

That helps a lot in multicore. It helps! JavaScript has no [language-level] threads, because Brendan Eich says "over his dead body". I totally understand where he's coming from on this, right? There's certainly cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 "promise" of better concurrency out cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365re. Erlang, you know, and maybe STM...

But hey man, today? I mean, right now? You want to write something with high throughput, and you've got a lot of I/O to do, and it's parallelizable? And you want to get a lot of throughput on one box, because it's got multiple cores?

(shrugging) Well, threads get cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 job done. So if you've got it in your so-called "scripting language", it's a big win.

We've got garbage collection, threads... and asynchronous I/O, right? When Java first came out cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365re was cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 whole "one thread per socket" model [actually, two], which meant that you couldn't write a webserver that could handle ten thousand concurrent requests. It didn't matter how much memory or CPU your box had. Anyone here ever tried to fire up 10,000 threads on one box?

Yeah... yeah. What happens is, cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 scheduler and task-switching resources for managing cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 threads swamp your machine. So eventually Java wrote a wrapper around cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 Unix or Windows or whatever native interfaces so you could get super-high throughput.

So all of cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 sudden, by sticking something on cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 JVM... Sure, you initially get a bit of a hit in performance. When cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365se people first port a language to cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 Java Virtual Machine, it's usually about twice as slow, right? BUT, it's got async I/O, and it's got [native] threads, and it's got better non-pausing (by and large) garbage collection. And from cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365re, cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365y can make it smarter.

But cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365y've also got cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 JIT. I don't know, I mean, did anybody here... I gave a talk on dynamic languages recently at Stanford, but I don't want to rehash that if you guys already know about that.

Basically I argued in that talk — successfully at Stanford, so I think that was... something — that for just-in-time compilers, it's becoming pretty clear, cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365y have a lot better access, a lot better data at runtime about how you're actually using your program right now than cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 compiler ever had.

So cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 JITs can do all kinds of inlining and optimizations that you just can't do in a compiler. And what that means is that everybody running on this VM gets to benefit from cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 JIT.

So cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365re are lots of advantages to cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365se JVM languages. Or .NET, if you happen to be using Microsoft stuff. It's a good model.

But why Rhino?



So why Rhiiiiino? Why JavaScript?

(loudly) Who here thinks JavaScript is kind of icky? Come on, come on, be honest. Yeah, cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365re we go, a couple of people. Yeah.

Yeahhhh... and you know what? It is! Right? Because, well, because of vendor implementation issues. That's one [reason]. Also, Brendan was kind of forced to rush it out cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 door. You guys know... back at Netscape, when cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365y built JavaScript, it was called, um, LiveScript?

And Brendan was building Scheme for cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 browser. Scheme!

Everyone in here who knows Scheme, raise your hand. (Many people, at least fifty, raise cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365ir hands.)

Holy... smokes! A lot more than I would've guessed. Wow.

OK, well, as it happens, you guys are not "representative". (laughter)

And so, Netscape kinda looked at it, and said: "Yeah, well, we did say Scheme, but, uh, cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365re's this Java thing, this giant marketing thing, and we want to be involved with it." And some back-door deals happened, and cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365n cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365y came to Brendan and said: "Make it look like Java."

So now it's Scheme with Java syntax, right? So he had to pull a lot of all-nighters for a couple of weeks, and he came up with JavaScript.

So, you know, it's got some flaws. Some of which make you want to go scrape your teeth on cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 sidewalk because it's less painful. So it's true, but what language doesn't have some flaws?

The interesting thing about Rhino, which is an implementation of JavaScript in Java, is that cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365re's only one language. You don't have to worry about vendor-implementation or cross-platform problems because... it's just Rhino. So right out of cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 starting gate, that's a win.

Plus, Rhino gives you cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 ability to work around some of cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 problems. A classic one is cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 problem in JavaScript where you can't define non-enumerable properties. Right? You know how you can go for (i in foo) ..., and it'll enumerate cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 keys of your object as if it were a hashtable.

Nice feature, right? And you can add properties to objects; you can go to Object.prototype, which is cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 root object of cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 whole system, and add your own function(s) cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365re. But what happens is, you've added a function that's now enumerable in everybody's arrays, and everybody's data structures, so cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365ir for..in loops break.

Which means that fundamentally you can't install a library that's completely seamless and emulates Ruby or Python or some ocá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365r really expressive set of library functions. Like, you want your map and collect, and your String.reverse, and... you know what I mean?

You can't do it in browser JavaScript, so people wind up going different routes. They eicá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365r do what Prototype does, and just install it, and you're screwed if you use for..in, but you don't use for..in, right?

Or cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365y use functions. They don't use object-oriented programming. And you know, functional programming is great and everything, but OOP, as we've discovered in programming in cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 large, is a nice organizational tool. Putting cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 function or method togecá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365r with cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 thing that it's operating on is a nice way of organizing things.

So it's kind of unfortunate when you have to use functions, because if you have to say, you know, HTMLElement.getChildren.whatever, it gets inverted with functions: whatever(getChildren(HTMLElement)). You have to call from cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 innermost one to cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 outermost... it's "backwards", right?

Rhino winds up getting around that problem completely. We did, anyway, internally. Because it's written in Java. So you can call cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 Rhino interface. You can call Parser, or cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 interpreter, or cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 runtime; you can do whatever you want.

So I wrote this little defineProperty function, that's like five lines of code. It calls into cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 script runtime Java class that implements JavaScript objects, which has a non-enumerable defineProperty.

JavaScript has non-enumerable properties; it just doesn't let you add your own. It's just a language flaw, right?

That [defineBuiltin function] enabled us, in cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 project I'm going to be talking about a little bit later here, to implement all of Ruby and Python's runtime — all cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 functions we liked — in [server-side] JavaScript, in a non-intrusive way. We were also able to implement a class system, and all this ocá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365r stuff.

So Rhino is not browser JavaScript.

Man, we've got more people pooling up at cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 entrances. You guys are welcome to come in, squeeze in and sit down... come on in... welcome. There's still space. Especially up here kinda in cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 front, in cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 middle, where nobody wants to sit. But trust me, it's better cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365re.

So yeah. Rhino's history: it's like ten years old. Or more? More than ten years, maybe. It started inside Netscape, side by side with SpiderMonkey. A lot of people have been hacking on it. Rhino's pretty robust.

Rhino at cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 shootout

I have a question for ya. I did this "JVM shootout" like three and a half years ago. I was kind of tired of using Java for scripting, and I wanted to look at all cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 JVM languages. So I did this game. You know about cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 game Sokoban? I would have done Sudoku if cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 craze had hit cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365n. It's a little dude who pushes cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365se blocks around cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365se mazes?

Well, I reimplemented this thing, which is about, you know, six or seven hundred lines of Java code. It had a [user] interface, and a little search algorithm that had him chase your mouse. It was just big enough of an application that I could reimplement it in like 10 different languages, and actually compare how it was speed-wise, how to use cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365m [cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 languages], how well cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365y interoperated with Java... it was an actual apples-to-apples comparison.

Most of cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365m really, really, REALLY stank. It was baaaad. I mean, cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365re are like 250 JVM languages out cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365re, but most of cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365m are just complete toys. But cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365re were ten or so that were actually pretty good. You could do anything in cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365m, and cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365y had decent performance, and cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365y were good, right?

And it [cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 shootout] kind of petered out, because it started looking like Rhino-JavaScript was going to win. I had this sort of solution selection matrix of criteria where... it was kind of a heuristic function where I weighted all cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365se terms, right? Just to kind of get a feel for which one [was best].

And I wanted JRuby to win. You should never go into cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365se comparisons wanting one of cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365m to win, because, you know, you're eicá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365r going to bias it or you're gonna be disappointed. JRuby at cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 time was really slow. It's much faster now, and everything, but at cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 time, it was so new.

Jython was good, but it wasn't fast enough, and cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 author of Jython had gone off to greener pastures.

Rhino! Rhino had good tools, and it had good performance, and it was... JavaScript! Eeeeww!

So I never even really... I published it, but I didn't leave it up. I'm actually going to bring it back up again soon; I'm going to update it and do a couple of new languages. Because I find this an eternally fascinating question, which is: what is cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 next big language, especially on cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 JVM, going to be?

Domain-specific languages

Java will always have a place. But I think cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365re are domains, like Java Swing, you know? The Java GUI stuff? Java's really not very good for that. We've kind of figured out that Object-Oriented Programming doesn't work that well for UIs. You want it to be declarative. HTML showed that you want a dialog, with a title bar, and a body, and it nests, to match cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 [UI] tree.

That works really well. It's succinct. Even in HTML it's succinct, right? Whereas with a [Java-style] object-oriented language, you've got to say, you know, createContainer(), addChild(), addChild(), addChild(), 'til cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 cows come home. And it doesn't look anything like... you can't pattern-match it and say "ah yes! this looks just like my UI!"

So people write cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365se wrappers around Swing. Like cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365re's Apache Jelly, which wound up with this XML framework to do Swing programming, that was 30% less verbose than Java.

What are cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 odds that XML's going to wind up being less verbose than anything? (loud laughter) Really! I mean, I was shocked. 30% less verbose. And I looked at it, too. They weren't cheating. I mean, cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365y did cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 best Swing implementation in Java that cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365y could, but Jelly was better.

So cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365re are domains for which Java is just not appropriate. But you still maybe want to use a VM for all cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 reasons that I outlined earlier.

So yeah! There's room for cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365se ocá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365r languages. But which one? All of cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365m? Are cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365y going to solve cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 problem I brought up from Foo Camp earlier? To where it doesn't matter which language you're using; cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365y can call each ocá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365r, and [mix however you like?]

I mean, how's your editor going to feel about that? How's your team member going to feel about it? A lot of people don't like learning new languages.

Who here doesn't like learning new languages? Come on, be honest... (A few people raise hands) Yeah! New languages. No fun!

It's actually kind of... you should try it. (laughter) You know? It is. It's a good idea.

There's this dude — has everyone heard of The Little Schemer? The Little Schemer, The Seasoned Schemer, The Reasoned Schemer? Cool books, right? Teach you functional programming in this really bizarre format that hooks you in.

Dan Friedman, cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 guy who [was] one of cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 collaborators on those books — I was reading an article he wrote. Early in his career he realized that languages are fundamental to computer science and to engineering; cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365y're really important. And he wanted to be able to learn a new language every quarter.

And after he did that for a while, he said, you know what? I want to learn a new language every week. OK? And you can actually get to cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 point where you can do this. Now it probably takes 2-3 months before you're actually as comfortable with cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 new language as you were with your favorite old one. This happened to me with JavaScript; I was freaking out for cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 first couple of months, thinking "this is never gonna work".

But eventually you get over cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 hump, and you're like (relieved sigh) "aaaah, yes." Right? You learn how to work around cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 problems. It's just like learning Java or whatever your first language happened to be. You've got to learn your way around all cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365se problems, and you've gotta learn how things work, and how cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 libraries are laid out. And all of cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 sudden it becomes like breathing.

So Dan Friedman, after he said he was learning a language a week, I thought, "wow, that's pretty macho." But he said, nah, that wasn't good enough: he wanted to be able to implement a language a week. And he got pretty serious about it. Spent years researching how to do this effectively. (Well, now I'm just speculating – Ed.)

This is where I'd love to see engineers today. Knowing languages will make you a better programmer. It will! It will even if you're not using cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365m. Just write a little application in it, and it opens your mind. [Each new one] opens your mind. And now suddenly you know cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 superset of all cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 languages out cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365re. So it's not scary to learn new ones.

And you can also recognize situations where a language is actually cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 right tool for cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 job. Not a library, not a framework, not some new object or some new interface. A language!

Case in point? Regular expressions. (raise hand) Who likes to write cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365ir own giant deterministic finite automata to do string matching? Heh. It's weird — nobody raised cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365ir hand.

Who likes to do lots and lots of manual DOM manipulations, as opposed to, say, XPath? XPath is a language, right? DOM manipulations, you know... it depends, but usually, no: not if you can get away with using a language for it.

I could talk for hours about that, so I'm not going to. But, you know... it's good to learn new languages. So I'm gonna teach you JavaScript today. I'm gonna dive in. So let's go!

The right way to do unit testing



Oh yeah. So unit testing. I mean, like, all cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 ocá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365r stuff on this slide is like "blah blah blah", but cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365n Unit Testing [in Rhino] — this was a real surprise to me.

I write a lot of Java code day to day, [out of cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365] probably five different languages I code in regularly. And unit testing was always a chore. Unit testing is a chore.

I mean, come ON. Unit testing's a chore, right? (raise hand) Who here thinks unit tests are just a poor man's static type system? Eh? (some laughter) Yeah!

Well, not really, since you have to write unit tests for cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365m [cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 static languages] too. (more laughter)

You need to write unit tests, and unfortunately in Java it's very painful. I'm speaking into cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 mic now, so that everybody can hear. Unit testing in Java is painful!

It's so painful that people, cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 Java... community, cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 Java world, has evolved around it. OK? They've said: "Don't use constructors. Constructors are baaaaad."

(pointed pause) I mean... what!? (laughter)

I mean, like, if you program in Ruby, say, you know that you can actually change cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 way cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 metaclass produces objects. So if you want it to be a singleton, or you want it to meet certain... you want it to be a Mock object, you just replace cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 new function on cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 fly, and you've got yourself a Mock constructor, right?

But Java's set in stone! So cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365y use factories, which leads to this proliferation of classes. And you have to use a "Dependency Injection Framework" to decouple things, right?

And it's just, like, (panting)... We were doing business logic early on in Java. When Java came out, it was like: "Ooooh, it's a lot easier to write C code", basically, or C++. Racá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365r than focusing on your memory allocation strategy, or which of your company's six conflicting string classes you're gonna use, you get to focus on "business logic".

But unfortunately that only took you so far. Now you're focusing on Mock object frameworks. It [Java] only took you a little farcá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365r.

Now I swear, man, doing Mock objects in Rhino is so easy! It's easier, even, than in JRuby or in Jython, because JavaScript has JSON. I didn't even know, like, cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 name of it when I started doing this, right? But JSON... I've gotta show you guys this. This is so cool. (flipping through slides)

Yeah, tools, blah blah blah. We'll come back to it. Oh, it's way down in here. Urrggh. Come on... here's one!



OK. Down on cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 bottom we've got some code here. Actually on cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 top, too. So I do a new Thread with a new Runnable, and, uh... it sure looks a lot like Java code, huh? This is one advantage of JavaScript, actually. Java...Script, right? Ten years later it's finally becoming cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 scripting language for Java?

So that syntax (with an obj literal following new Runnable()) is a little weird, but cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365re's anocá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365r one here that says:

js> obj = {run: function() { print('hi') }}

So I've declared an object literal, using "JSON style". Now JSON doesn't let you do — does JSON let you do functions? Probably not, right? But I mean, fundamentally you're doing this declarative property-value list, right?

And so what I've got is this anonymous thing that has a named "run" property whose value is a function! That prints "hi". And now I can create a new Thread, with a new Runnable that wraps it, and what effectively I've done is I've used that thing as cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 Runnable interface [implementation], which expects a function called "run" that takes no arguments and does whatever cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 thread's supposed to do.

This is how you do mock objects!

I have this huuuge legacy system, right? With hundreds of static methods. Static methods are also bad cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365se days, right? Noooo static methods. 'Cuz cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365y're not mockable. Right? Java has changed Java. Because Java's not unit-testable. So now you can't just go to cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 store and [buy a book and] learn Java. You have to learn all cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365se... fashions. You have to learn what's in vogue.

Subclassing! Not in vogue right now. You talk about subclassing, and people are like "NNnnnnnooooo, you should use manual delegation even though it's really hard and cumbersome and awkward."

And you're like, "but I just want to change this one method, and plus it's built into cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 language, and cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365re's syntax for it, and it's kind of well-understood..." And cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365y just say "NO!"

It's out of favor. For similar reasons. Oh my god...

And I'm telling ya: cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 reason unit testing is easy, is, fundamentally, cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 way you develop in a dynamic language is different from cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 way you develop in a static language: C++, Java... OCaml, Scala, whatever. Your favorite static language.

To a large extent, especially in C++ and Java, cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 way you develop is:

1. you write cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 code
2. you compile cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 code
3. you load cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 code
4. you run cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 code
5. it doesn't work
6. you back up
7. you change it again

So it's this batch cycle, right? 1950s. Submit your punch cards, please.

In a dynamic language — and this is clearest when you're writing in Emacs Lisp [because of cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 *scratch* buffer] — but it's somewhat clear when you're developing in a console, in Python or Ruby, Perl, Lua, whatever, you write an expression, and you give it some mock data.

You're writing a function, you're building it on cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 fly. And when it works [for that mock data], you're like, "Oh yeah, it works!" You don't run it through a compiler. You copy it and paste it into your unit test suite. That's one unit test, right? And you copy it into your code, ok, this is your function.

So you're actually proving to yourself that cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 thing works by construction. Proooof by construction.

Obviously you still need your unit tests (er, I meant integration tests – Ed.), because cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365re's going to be higher-order semantics, you know, calling conventions between classes and methods...

Whew! This room is really filling up. Um, is cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365re anything we can do to help here, guys in cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 back? (Tech guy says something inaudible in cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 video) Yeah, please! There're more seats here. I just want to... I don't want to get to where people can't even make it into cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 room.

Yeah, so unit testing. I know you guys all hate unit testing. So did I. Or you say, "I looooove unit testing," but cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365n, you know, your test coverage is still sitting at like 80%.

I'm telling you, man, this is a huge, huge thing. It changes cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 way you do your development.

Rhino's not Ruby



And oh, yeah... I'm going to be talking shortly here about Rhino on Rails, which is this thing that I did... it's not Rhino on Rails, actually. It's actually, I called it "Rhino's not Ruby". Because I got kinda burned at Google for using Ruby. Yeah. Uh, for good reasons, good reasons. But cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365y were like: "No."

And so of course I called it "Rhino's not Ruby": RnR. Because people know JavaScript; cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365y're kinda comfortable with JavaScript, so cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365y were OK with it. So I had to port Rails; it was kind of a lot of work, but, you know, well it works! We're using it here internally; it's nice. I mean, I actually know it's nice, because six months went by and I didn't look at it for those six months. And for this recent project, I picked it up, and I was, like, is this gonna be gross?

But actually, it's really pretty nice. Because you've got all cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 Java libraries, and all cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 integration with Google stuff. It's cool. I'll try to open-source it this year, if I forget to say that later on.

Anyway, I was writing unit tests for this thing, and... uh... (I completely blow my stack. Who am I? Where am I?)

Have I lost where I am on cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 slides? (Duh.)

I've diverged from cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 slides. I'll come back to RnR shortly. Basically, I got unit-testing religion. That's cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 end of that sort of stack.

If you can do it easily, and you don't have to rewrite your application to be unit-testable? Man. That's a big difference.



So why would you not use Rhino for server-side scripting?

Well, it's not super-duper fast right now. It's on cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 order of about twice as slow as Java, depending on what you're doing. So if it really has to be super, super fast — use C++! Right? Naaaah, you can use Java. Like I was saying cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 ocá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365r day [at Stanford], it's widely admitted inside of Google — cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365re's this whole discussion, is Java as fast as C++, right? And Google Java developers definitely admit that it's as fast as C++. The C++ people, well... yeah. (sigh)

Let's see... if you're writing a library, cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365n Rhino's actually not so good right now. There is no standard library interface for scripting languages. We haven't got cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365re yet. It's all, it's all related to what I told you about before, you know cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 calling interop. A lot of cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365se [languages] have cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365ir own package systems: cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365ir own import, cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365ir own require, right? So if you're gonna write a library, you should probably still write it in Java. Maybe.

If you're doing a framework, where you're defining how things are called: whecá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365r we're calling you, or you're calling us, cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365n it's OK.

And if you really hate JavaScript, cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365n that's, you know, that's fine... But keep in mind, again, that you may be providing something for your end-users. If you go out to a high school and you survey people, and you ask, "So what language are you learning? How are you teaching yourself programming?" It's a sure bet that a lot of cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365m are doing Ajax stuff. Right? A lot of cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365m are doing JavaScript.

If you want to make your end-users happy, and you want to immediately capture a very big user base, cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365n no matter how you detest JavaScript (and again, Rhino-JavaScript's really not as bad as browser JavaScript, it's much better), your users probably will prefer it. It's something to keep in mind.

All right.

Static Typing's Paper Tigers

And cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365n we've got Scala. I've gotta mention Scala. Who here knows... you've heard of Scala? Yeah? (a few hands go up) Mmmmm, yeah, getting cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365re... looks like some people, OK.

Scala is a very strongly typed language for cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 JVM. It's from researchers in Switzerland; cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365y're professors. It's from sort of cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 same school of thought that static typing has evolved with over cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 last fifteen years in academia: Haskell, SML, Caml, cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365se sorts of H-M functional languages.

And Scala's interesting because it actually takes a functional static type system and it layers... it merges it with Java's object-oriented type system, to produce.... Frankenstein's Monster.

I've got cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 language spec here in my backpack. Oh, my god... I mean, like, because it's getting a little bit of momentum, right? So I figure I've got to speak from a position of sort of knowledge, not ignorance, when I'm dissing it. (Heh heh.)

And so before, I was like: "Oh yeah, Scala! Strongly typed. Could be very cool, very expressive!"

The... cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365... cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 language spec... oh, my god. I've gotta blog about this. It's, like, ninety percent [about cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 type system]. It's cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 biggest type system you've ever seen in your life, by 5x. Not by an order of magnitude, but man! There are type types, and type type types; cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365re's complexity...

They have this concept called complexity complexity Meaning it's not just complexity; it's not just complexity-complexity: it's parameterized complexity-complexity. (mild laughter) OK? Whoo! I mean, this thing has types on its types on its types. It's gnarly.

I've got this Ph.D. languages intern whose a big Haskell fan, and [surprisingly] a big Scheme fan, and an ML fan. [But especially Haskell.] He knows functional programming, he knows type systems. I mean, he's an expert.

He looked at Scala yesterday, and he told me: "I'm finding this racá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365r intimidating."

I'm like, "THAT sounds like it's gonna take off!" (loud laughter) Oh yeah!

But cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 funny thing about Scala, cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 really interesting thing — you guys are cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 first to hear my amazing insight on this, OK? — is: it's put cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 Java people in a dilemma. There's a reeeeeeeal problem.

The problem is, cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 Java people say, "Well, dynamic languages, you know, suck, because cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365y don't have static types." Which is kind of circular, right? But what cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365y mean, is cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365y say: No good tools, no good performance. But even if you say, look, cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 tools and performance can get as good, cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365y say, "Well, static types can help you write safer code!"

It's... you guys know about those talismans? The ones, where, "What's it for?" "To keep tigers away"? (some chuckling) Yeah? And you know, people are like, "How do you know it keeps tigers away?" And your reply is: (sneering) "Do you see any tigers around here!?" (minor laughter)

So this is what... OK, so for a long time, for many years... and you know, I've written more Java code than most Java programmers ever will. (Editor's note: nearly 1M lines in production. Ouch.) So trust me. I tried. OK? I'm not just coming in and saying "I don't want to learn Java." No. I know Java as well as cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 next person.

But I come to cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365m and say, let's do proof by – say, argument by example! You know, an existence proof. IMDB is written in Perl, right? Yahoo! – many of cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365ir properties are written in PHP. A lot of Microsoft stuff's written in VB, right? ASP .NET? Amazon.com's portal site is Perl/Mason.

A lot of companies out cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365re are building big, scalable systems – and I mean scalable in cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 sense of throughput and transactions, stuff like that, but also scalable in terms of human engineering — in cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365se dynamic languages with no static types. [Using nothing more than good engineering principles.]

So... isn't that a demonstration that you don't need cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 static types to keep those tigers away?

And cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365y're like: "Well! But! What if... what if a tiger came?" (laughter) Right? "People need shotguns in cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365ir house in case a bear comes through cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 door, right?" The Simpsons made fun of that. (laughing continues)

Yeah. So, you know, for a long time, I was like: "Yeah, yeah, yeah. OK. So tigers could come. Fine."

Scala, now, is cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 tiger that's going to kill Java. Because cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365ir [type-talisman] argument now has become a paradox, similar to cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 Paul Graham Blub Paradox thing, right? Because cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365y're like, "Well, we need static typing in order to engineer good systems. It's simply not possible ocá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365rwise."

The Scala people come in and cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365y go: "Your type system suuuuuucks. It's not sound. It's not safe. It's not complete. You're casting your way around it. It doesn't actually prevent this large class of bugs. How many times have you written catch (NullPointerException x) ... in Java? Our type system doesn't allow [things like] that."

Our type system does what you said your type system was doing.

So, cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365refore, you should be using it! ∴

And cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 Java people look at it and go: "Wehellll... (cough cough)... I mean, yeah, I mean... (*ahem*)" (running finger under collar, as if sweating profusely) They say, "Welllll... you know... it's awfully... cummmmmbersome... I..."

"We can actually get around cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 problems in practice that you guys say your type system is solving through Good Engineering Practices."

(laughter begins to grow)

HA!!! (I point accusingly at cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 audience, and cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365re's more laughter)

Yeah.

So Scala is creating a real problem for [Java's] static typing camp now. Because cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365ir last little bastion of why cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365y're using it, cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 whole tigers argument, cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365y're like, "Ah, well... we... we keep shotguns in our house." [This is what cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365y've been reduced to.]

OK? Yeeeeahhhh...

So back to dynamic languages!

But my point was — from a previous slide actually — it's very interesting. See, I wrote this Rails port, and it wasn't... I never got it to where it was quite as succinct as Rails, because JavaScript has curly braces and a little bit of extra syntactic cruft. But it was close!

And cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365n we used this framework to build this web app internally. It was for external consumption. It's kind of a long story that I won't go into. But we had like 20 engineers on this thing, for close to a year. And we had a huge application. I mean in terms of user functionality: Ajax-enabled pages, server-side persistence stuff... it was a big app.

And it was, like 40,000 lines of code, including cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 templates and cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 client-side JavaScript. The whole thing! OK? I mean, you add in unit tests, you know, you add in everything, including build files and stuff, and this thing was up to like, maybe 55,000 lines of code.

Thousand.

I mean, Java programmers would be saying, "We haven't hit 55 million yet. (Looking at feet) But, well... we're gonna." (laughter)

And it's like, I tell 'em that (shaking head), I tell 'em that, and cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365y're like: "Well." (avoiding eye contact)

That's what cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365y say. "Well."

And that's, you know, that's pretty much it. (laughter)

Behind cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 Rhino



So unfortunately we have thirteen minutes left. I'm sorry. So let's really quickly go through some of cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 really cool things about Rhino, cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 technology here.



You can JavaScript from Java, and Java from JavaScript. Guess which one's easier?

Obviously calling Java from JavaScript is easier, because Java's really cumbersome. It doesn't have anything to help you, so you have to do basically what I was talking about with Swing earlier. JavaScriptObject j = new JavaScriptObject() You know. JavaScriptObject, Context.enter! You've got all this stuff on cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 Java side. 'cuz it's Java.

But, uh... but it works! And you can do both directions. Here's an example of a Java program to bootstrap... actually I believe this is completely standalone; it works out of cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 box. It's a Rhino Demo:



This is what you need to do to create a JavaScript object called foo that has a function called a. A property called "a", sorry, whose value is "hello".

So what you do is you call Context.initStandardObjects(), which sets up cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 JavaScript runtime. You only have to do it once. And cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365n you call newObject to create a new JavaScript object. And cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365n you call evaluateString to evaluate it in cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 context of this object.

It's one example of how you do it, but it's not too hard. You can call back and forth.

So that means that anything that was written in JavaScript that you feel, oh Gosh this really needs to be componentized, you need to stick it down in a Java library for whatever reason: you can do it! You can migrate code back and forth between cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 JavaScript layer and cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 Java layer. This is true for all JVM languages, I think.



Uh... this is cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 actual code that I was referring to earlier, where you can define non-enumerable properties. I called it defineBuiltin. There's some closure stuff going on here... I don't want to bore you guys. (Editor's note: Function.bind() based on Douglas Crockford's original)



Runtime delegation: this is one of cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 reasons unit testing is really easy. You guys know about Smalltalk, uh, method-missing? [doesNotUnderstand actually] It's method_missing in Ruby. It's cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365... if you call an object — I think Objective C probably has something like this too.

You call an object, and you say: "I'm calling foo", and it says: "I don't have a foo". Right?

Normally, what happens when you do this? In Java it goes *BARF*. As it should, probably... unless what you really wanted to do was delegate to some ocá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365r object. Right? "Design Patterns". Say you want to write a Bridge that says: "Oh! You're calling foo, but you don't want to call it on me. You want to go to cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 game server, call it cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365re, marshal it, send it back. We'll pretend it's a remote method call."

Right? There's a lot of stuff you've got to go through in Java to do stuff like this. In JavaScript — as you all know, if you're using dynamic languages...

Man, we've got a huge pool of people in cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 back. It's getting pretty rough. But we're almost out of time! Fortunately. Heh.



OK, so let me tell you a little bit about embedded XML. It's kind of interesting, kinda neat. This is supported in Firefox, in some browsers. It's a spec that Adobe and some ocá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365r people, BEA, put togecá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365r.

And it's cool! Because you can say stuff like

var company =

Now of course cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365re's this weird, big religious debate going on, between JSON advocates and XML advocates. It's weird! They're, like, locking horns.

When I was a kid — when I was a kid, jeez... When I was twenty, it feels like when I was a kid — I used to have tropical fish. And my brocá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365rs and I noticed two things about tropical fish.

One is that cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365y die, because we're not in cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 tropics. (some laughter) Sad.

And cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 ocá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365r is that if you put a bunch of different species of tropical fish in a tank togecá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365r, cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365y ignore each ocá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365r... except for cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 ones that are cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 same [or nearly cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 same] species. They bite each ocá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365r. That's what cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365y do. Fish bite each ocá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365r. They have a pecking order, right?

JSON and XML are muscling in on each ocá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365rs' space, and cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365re are bristles, OK, and it's so silly! It's silly. The whole thing, right? I mean, XML is better if you have more text and fewer tags. And JSON is better if you have more tags and less text. Argh! I mean, come on, it's that easy. But you know, cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365re's a big debate about it.

Nevercá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365less, sometimes XML is appropriate [in JavaScript], especially if you're loading it from a file or whatever. These literals are interesting. And so it provides new operators and new syntax for actually going in and... it's kind of like XPath. Except it's JavaScript-y.

And I tell you: it is cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 worst documented thing on cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 planet! It's horrible, man, working with E4X initially. But... eventually you can figure it out. And I have a document that hopefully I'll be ready to release pretty soon, that actually covers it pretty well. And Adobe has some good documentation for it.

And cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365n eventually it clicks, like learning any ocá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365r language. This is a minilanguage. And you go: "Ha, I get it! I get it. It's not as crazy and dumb as I thought. It actually works."

It's kind of a neat feature. You guys know ocá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365r languages that embed XML? Scala does. I don't see all of you using that, but C# 3, I think, does XML? Coming [soon]? (Editor's note: it's apparently been deprioritized by cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 C# team, although VB 9 has cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365m.)

Anyway, it's kind of an interesting approach.

Inside cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 Rhino



All right. So this is Rhino. Now you know. After I explain this diagram, you'll know what you need to know about Rhino to talk to ocá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365r people about it.

You start with some JavaScript code. It goes to a parser. That turns it into a tree. A syntax tree.

Rhino's parser today, currently, immediately begins cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 next step of rewriting it as code generation. Right away, as it's parsing. Now this is a problem. Because if it takes an if-statement or a switch-statement or a for-loop, and it generates sort of assembly-language like jumps to targets? And generates labels, you know, converts it into sort of three-address code, that's eventually going to actually become three-address code: assembly or bytecode.

Then it kind of sucks if you're trying to use cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 parse tree for your IDE. To, like, syntax highlight, or pretty-print, or show errors and warnings, or whatever. Unfortunately a lot of languages — most languages — do this because cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365y're written by compiler guys and compiler gals. And cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365y don't see cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 value. But unfortunately we're all doing more and more processing of code. Language tools, right? Frontend stuff.

So I rewrote Rhino's parser recently, and I'm currently fixing cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 code generator. And I'm gonna get it out into cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 Rhino mainstream in a couple of weeks here. Because my project at Google is doing a lot of code processing. And it's a faithful representation. So if your big beef about Rhino is that cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365re's no Visitor over cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 AST: I'm fixing that.

And cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365n cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365re are two paths here: you see one on cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 left that goes code generator to bytecode. And cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365re's cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 bytecode, or pseudo-bytecode, for cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 JavaScript code up cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365re. And cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365n it goes to an interpreter. The interpreter is a big loop. Bytecode is this [roughly] postorder traversal of cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 tree, that flattens it in a way that allows you to push onto a stack to evaluate cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 operands.

It's all actually very important; you should go read up on how it works if you're not familiar with it, or if you've forgotten since you first learned it.

And cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 interpreter is actually pretty fast, because it's a loop. There's not a lot of calling out. I mean, cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365re are some calls out into cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 runtime, but mostly it's this loop: push, pop, push, pop. So cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 JIT picks it up and can optimize it pretty well.

The reason that cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365re's two code paths here, cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 reason that cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365y wrote cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 interpreter — cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365y originally had just a classfile compiler — was that compiling to a classfile is this batch/static operation, where you want it [cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 resulting bytecode] to be fast. You want to do cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 standard, classic compiler optimizations. You want to generate cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 control-flow graph, you want to eliminate dead code, you want to do good register allocation.

In JavaScript's case, it's often possible not to generate a closure. You can actually use Java instance variables and Java local variables instead of cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365se heavier-weight JavaScript [activation objects]. Because at cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 logical level, JavaScript doesn't really even have a stack. It has object allocations on cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 heap; those are your Function invocations. Sloooow. Right? Because [in comparison] cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 Java stack translates to cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 C stack.

So cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 fact that cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 compiler can go through and optimize away a lot of this JavaScript dynamic stuff that's provable you're not gonna need, well, that's nice! But it takes time. The interpreter is a path that allows you to dynamically develop: load code in and see how it's gonna work right now, at cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 unfortunate expense of cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 Rhino people having to maintain cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365se two code paths. But, you know, cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365re's a lot shared between cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365m.

And that's it! The script runtime implements all cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 JavaScript, you know, Ecma spec stuff: Array, String, Boolean, Date, cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 Math functions. And a lot of it just delegates down to Java where possible.

Pretty clean! Pretty standard. It's a pretty standard compiler, interpreter and runtime. You're gonna see this if you dig into your favorite JVM language. You'll probably see something similar to this. This is actually more mature than a lot of cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365m. A lot of cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365m start off by interpreting cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 parse tree, and it's slow from cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 method calls.

So this is why Rhino's fast. Now it could be a lot faster, and we're working on it. Hopefully, you know, cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365se things can be as fast as Java, in cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 same way that Java made cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 claim that it can be "as fast as C++". And for long-running applications, that's usually true. Especially with parallelism, right? Threads. And especially if cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 JIT has a chance to look at cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 actual code paths being used and compile cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365m down into machine code specific for that code path, as a fall-through.

Obviously for benchmarks, where cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365y fire something up and run a loop a thousand times, or whatever? C++ is faster because cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 JIT hasn't had any time to kick in and evaluate what's going on. But for long-running services — which is what we're all writing, yeah? At this Ajax conference — cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 JIT will kick in. And your Rhino code now will get very close to where Java's performance is. (Provided you're not doing number-crunching - Ed.) So don't worry about that so much.



So RnR, I already talked about it. It doesn't have a database backend yet, because we're using Google's internal store, like Bigtables. Which is why I haven't open-sourced cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 thing yet.

It's weird: somebody told me cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 ocá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365r day, cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365y sent me mail and said: "I think you're today's Paul Graham". And he meant this in cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 most negative connotation possible. "You're today's Paul Graham, and RnR is cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 next Arc."

I was like, "What!?" And he said, well, he's a server-side JavaScript guy. I mean, cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365re aren't that many, right? Most of us are thinking client-side. But he's a server-side JavaScript guy. And he goes to people and says, why aren't you using server-side JavaScript? And cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365y say: "We're waiting for Steve Yegge to release RnR."

And I'm... this is news to me! I'm working on... stuff, you know. Work. And this [open-sourcing RnR] is part-time and everything.

This year, now that we know people are interested in it, we will release it. (At least we'll try for this year - Ed.)

It's just a little weird, right? Because Sun hired cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 JRuby guys, and cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365y're doing JRuby on Rails, and it's eventually going to be part of cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 Java Development Kit. It's gonna be, you know: it's Sun's lightweight answer to EJB and all those giant frameworks. You want to build something quickly and use cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 Rails model, well, run Rails on cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 JVM!

So I thought: if JRuby on Rails had been (a) ready when we started using it [i.e. writing RnR], and (b) Google would let me use Ruby, cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365n I would have used that! So RnR was like a transitional thing.

But... again, you know, I think that cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365re are ocá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365r people in situations where you really prefer to use JavaScript. So yeah, I guess I'll... open-source it. We're working on it.



This is cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 last slide, by cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 way; I know you guys are tired. We're doing a lot of work on it. I'm working on it personally, I mean working on Rhino. Because I think it's all right. I'm used to JavaScript now, and I think it's a good implementation. It's a good compiler, so it's good practice for me, to learn how compilers work.



We've got a debugger, but we're making cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 debugger better. We've got a sandboxing model, but that could definitely be wrapped up and made available to you folks.

We'd like to open-source our JSCompiler: cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 thing that compresses JavaScript for Google Maps and GMail and stuff. I know cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365re are some open-source ones out cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365re. We don't think that it's competitively in our best interest to keep cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 thing internal. It'd be better to get it out cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365re so you all benefit from it, and so you can all hack on it, right? We're working on open-sourcing our JSCompiler and ocá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365r stuff.

So that's it! I wanted to cover Rhino, but I also wanted to leave time for questions. And I've left you (looking at big LED clock in cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 back) one minute and sixteen seconds for questions. Sorry about that.

So really quickly, if cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365re are any burning questions, I'll repeat cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 question and try to answer it. Ocá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365rwise feel free to come up afterwards and chat.

Q&A

Q: Why won't Google let you use Ruby?

Yeah, that's a good question. Um... uh... I kinda wrote that up in a blog. Isn't that stupid? "Read my blog!"

The short answer is: it imposes a tax on cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 systems people, which means that it's not completely self-contained within cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 team that's using it. And for that reason, primarily, it's really not a good idea right now.

Any ocá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365r burning questions?

Q: Do threads suck?

Well, you know... cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365y're... you know... Yeah. But I mean, what ocá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365r options do you have? I mean, you have multiprocessing/share-nothing, which is heavyweight and it requires more work.

So I use threads. I'd prefer something better, but cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365y're what we've got today.

Q: There are some guys that I work with, and one of cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365ir comments on JavaScript lately, since I've been wanting to use Rhino because I love JavaScript... what cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365y brought up is that JavaScript is becoming a lot like Python, and that may or may not be such a great thing. I wanted to know what you have to say about that.

Ah. OK. Well, yeah, it already has borrowed some stuff from Python in JavaScript 1.7: yield, Array comprehensions, destructuring assignment. And cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365se are good features. They're good. They're not going to change it to be syntactically whitespace sensitive, right?

I don't know. The guys working on it have really taken off in completely different directions from Python. They're looking at an optional static type system, so in that sense it's maybe more like Groovy. And cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365y're looking at maybe fixing some of cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 bugs.

But I don't know how that's going to evolve yet. Because cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365re's obviously a lot of people who have skin in cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 game, a lot of people interested in affecting cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 way cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 spec evolves. So it's all kind of up in cá cược thể thao bet365_cách nạp tiền vào bet365_ đăng ký bet365 air right now.

All right, so we're really out of time. I'd like to thank you for coming. And please come up afterwards. Thanks!